China Radio International
All you want to know about China Radio International
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| China Radio International | |
| City of license | Beijing |
|---|---|
| Broadcast area |  China |
| First air date | December 3, 1941 |
| Format | Foreign language radio shows |
| Owner | People's Republic of China |
| Website | CRI, CRI in English |
China Radio International (CRI), (Chinese: 中国国际广播电台, Pinyin: Zhōng Guó Guó Jì Guǎng Bō Diàn Tái) the former Radio Beijing and originally Radio Peking, is one of the two state-owned national radio broadcasting networks in the People's Republic of China (PRC). CRI was founded on December 3 of 1941.
As the PRC's external radio station, CRI aims at promoting understanding and friendship between the people of China and people throughout the world. CRI broadcasts 290 hours of programs each day to all over the world in 43 languages. CRI's programs include news, current affairs, and features on politics, the economy, culture, science and technology.
The station's output is controlled by China's authoritarian communist government [1]. CRI in English noticeably adopts the government stance on issues such as Taiwan being an intergral part of the PRC and there is an emphasis on China's official position on Chinese and world events. International news is, however, generally informative and usually accurate.
The station has the most comprehensive foreign service of Asia. More than 50 shortwave transmitters are used to cover most of the world. In addition, CRI broadcasts can be heard on the medium-wave AM band in many areas, including WUST, serving the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area and on WNWR in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. CRI is also broadcast via the Internet and numerous satellites, and the World Radio Network.
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History
Radio originally developed in China in the 1920s and 1930s. However, few households had radio receivers. A few cities had commercial stations. However, most usage of radio was for political purpose, frequently on a local area level.
The Chinese Communist Party first used radio in Yanan in March of 1940 with a transmitter brought back from Moscow. Xinhua New Chinese Radio (XNCR) went on the air from Yanan on December 30, 1940.
XNCR transmitted to a larger geographical area after 1945, and its programs became more regular and formalised with broadcasts of news, official announcements, war bulletins, and art and literary programs.
The English Service started at Shahe Village in the Taihang Mountains in Hebei Province on September 11, 1947, when China was in a civil war. This was done with the hope of spreading its political and cultural perspective beyond China and to the world at large.[1]
XNCR, as it was called then, started in a cave-like studio in the mountains. Its mission was to provide information about the newly conquered areas. [2]
The station moved from the Taihang mountains to the capital of China, Peking, when The People's Republic of China was formed in 1949. Its name was changed to Radio Peking on April 10, 1950. Radio Peking, by that name, remained on the air until 1983, when the station's name was changed to Radio Beijing.
On January 1, 1993, the name of the station was again changed, this time to China Radio International in order to avoid any confusion with local Beijing radio broadcasting.
In the 1960s, the station was known as Radio Peking and was known for its propaganda programming supporting the Cultural Revolution under Mao Zedong. At the time, it had a relay station in Albania, but nowhere else.
Short wave/international broadcasting
CRI broadcasts via shortwave radio, satellite and the Internet in English and numerous other languages (see below). There are also numerous AM and FM relays. Frequencies for short wave and the relays are available on CRI's website at [2].
Short wave in English is targeted at North America, the Carribean, Europe, Africa, Asia and the South Pacific. CRI is notable for maintaining direct short-wave broadcasts to developed, media-rich countries in North America and Europe. Broadcasts to these regions have been reduced or ceased by major Western broadcasters such as BBC World Service, the Voice of America and Radio Netherlands (e.g. [3]).
Programming
Mandarin Channel
CRI News Radio (FM 90.5)
CRI News Radio can be heard online and in Beijing on the radio on 90.5 FM . The broadcast is primarily done in Mandarin Chinese.
- 环球自助宝典 (Round the world)
- 档案揭密 (News File)
- 环球娱乐圈 (World Entertainment News)
- 巅峰体坛 (Mountain Sports)
- 环球名人坊 (Celebrity Focus)
- 老外看点 (World Focus)
- 时尚快行线 (Latest Fashion News)
- 环球书吧 (Round the World Book News)
(Source: http://www.globalfm.cn/)
Chinese podcasts
The following programs can be heard on the Mandarin version of the podcast from the World Radio Network:
- News (Chinese: 新闻节目 Pinyin: xīn wén jié mù), which comes from the Xinhua News Agency.
- Tángrénjiē (Chinese: 唐人街 English translation: "Chinatown"), a program about overseas Chinese (outside China)
- Weather forecasts around China
- Sports
This broadcast was originally targeted for London in the United Kingdom. As of 2006, they had removed the "London" reference, which was part of the introduction as "Ni hao London. Hello London".
(Source: http://gb.chinabroadcast.cn/)
English Channel
CRI in English (88.7 FM, 91.5 FM, 846 AM, 1008 AM)
The CRI English channels that can be heard online are:
- Round the Clock (Internet only)
- News Center (846 AM in Beijing)
- Hit FM (88.7 FM in Beijing(24H All Day),88.5 FM in Guangzhou(06:00--21:00 Beijing Time) )
- Easy FM (91.5 FM in Beijing(24H All Day),87.9 FM in Shanghai(Shanghai Edition)(24H All Day),98.5 FM in Lanzhou)
- Language Studio (1008 AM in Beijing) - a one hour program that teaches English for someone who only knows Mandarin (not to be confused with Chinese Studio). The program will sound like a kindergarten English lesson in the USA using very simple sentences (i.e. Mary goes to the bank).
- CRI 91.9 FM (Kenya 91.9 FM).
- Chinese Studio is a 5 minute segment that follows most CRI English programs
- China Drive is an English radio show about life in China
English Podcasts
The English podcast from the World Radio Network includes the following programs, all of which are also played on Easy FM, CRI 91.9 FM in Kenya, and in radio stations throughout the world.
- Hourly News
- News & Reports
- People in the Know
- Press Clippings
- Realtime China
- China Drive
- Song of the Day
- Africa Express
- Chinese Studio (sponsored by the Bridge School)
Holiday Broadcasts
During major Chinese holidays (dubbed Golden Week), such as Chinese New Year, May Day, and Mid-Autumn Festival, China Radio International typically broadcasts special programs such as:
- Growing Up In China (during the May Day holiday)
Most of these programs are not typical of the broadcast during the other parts of the year. The analogy is similar to Christmas music broadcasts in the United States.
Languages
China Radio International broadcasts in the following languages:
(Source: http://www.chinabroadcast.cn )
Olympic Radio
In July 2006, CRI launched a new radio station called CRI Olympic Radio at 900 AM in Beijing. This special broadcast is done in Mandarin, Korean, English, Russian, French, Spanish, Arabic, Japanese and German 24 hours a day.
Postal address
中国北京市石景山路甲16号中国国际广播电台
Běi Jīng Shì Shí Jǐng Shān Lù Jiǎ 16 Hào Zhōng Guó Guó Jì Guǎng Bō Diàn Tái, CHINA
邮编 (postcode): 100040
sedamo: PK-RC-TM-YA
Another romanisation of the address found on the CRI website (e.g, [4]) is:
16 A Shijingshan Road, Beijing, China
On the English radio service, the postal addresses is simplified and anglicised as:
China Radio International, Beijing 100040, China
Notes
- ^ Chang, Won Ho, "Mass Media in China: The History and the Future", Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 1989, pp. 151-152.
- ^ China Radio International, History and Milestones: CRI English Service
Bibliography
- Bishop, Robert L., "Qi Lai! Mobilizing One Billion Chinese: The Chinese Communication System", Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 1989. ISBN 0813802962
- Chang, Won Ho, "Mass Media in China: The History and the Future", Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 1989.
- Hamm, Charles, "Music and Radio in the PRC," Asian Music, Spring/Summer 1991, vXXII, n2, p.28-29.
- Howkins, John, "Mass Communication in China", New York: Annenberg/ Longman Communication Books, 1982.
External links
- CRI English
- Commentary about CRI in the US
- SWDXER ¨The SWDXER¨ - with general SWL information and radio antenna tips.
- Mr Science segment from China Drive
- The History of Culture and Mass Media in China
- Radio China
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